MICE

There are three techniques usually used to deal with missing values: Ignore them and just use complete cases. This is acceptable if <5% of cases are incomplete and missingness is random (Azur, 2004) Impute values with their mean, median, or mode. A mean imputation leaves the overall mean unchanged, but artificially reduces the variable’s variance (Alice, 2018). Impute values with multivariate imputation by chained equations (MICE). This method creates multiple predictions of each missing value, allowing the researcher to account for uncertainty in the imputations.